We are witnessing a growing concern in the medical community regarding the relationship between common chemicals in plastic products and cardiovascular health.
A recent groundbreaking study by NYU Langone Health has identified a significant link between exposure to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), a chemical used in plastics, and heart disease mortality on a global scale.
The study found that DEHP exposure contributed to 356,238 deaths, or more than 13% of all global mortality from heart disease in 2018 among men and women aged 55-64.
Key Takeaways
- Exposure to DEHP, a chemical used to make plastic household items softer, is linked to a significant number of heart disease deaths globally.
- The study by NYU Langone Health represents the first comprehensive global assessment of DEHP’s impact on cardiovascular health.
- DEHP exposure may contribute to inflammation in coronary arteries, potentially accelerating existing heart conditions.
- Common household items containing DEHP have become an invisible presence in daily life, potentially leading to fatal outcomes.
- Researchers have identified a need for further investigation into the effects of DEHP on health.
Study Reveals Heart Disease Deaths Worldwide Linked to Chemical Widely Used in Plastics
The widespread use of DEHP in plastic products has been associated with a significant number of heart disease deaths globally, according to a new study led by researchers at NYU Langone Health. DEHP, or di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, is a chemical used to make plastics more flexible and is found in a variety of everyday products, including food containers, medical equipment, and children’s toys.
As Dr. Leonardo Trasande, senior author of the study, highlights, “The impact of DEHP exposure on cardiovascular health is a significant concern that warrants further investigation and action.” The study’s findings underscore the need for greater awareness about the potential health risks associated with DEHP exposure.
Key Findings from NYU Langone Health Research
The NYU Langone Health research team analysed health and environmental data from population surveys across 200 countries and territories to establish the connection between DEHP exposure and cardiovascular mortality. The study revealed that DEHP exposure contributed to over 356,000 deaths globally in 2018, representing approximately 13.5% of all cardiovascular deaths among individuals aged 55-64.
- DEHP exposure is nearly unavoidable due to its presence in numerous everyday products.
- The chemical enters the human body primarily through ingestion of contaminated food and drink, as well as through inhalation and dermal contact.
- The research team’s findings build upon previous studies linking phthalates to various health concerns, including reproductive problems and cancer.
Understanding DEHP and Its Presence in Everyday Products
DEHP is commonly found in products such as food storage containers, medical equipment, PVC plumbing, vinyl flooring, and children’s toys. The widespread presence of DEHP in everyday products makes exposure to this chemical a significant public health concern.
As the study’s findings suggest, reducing exposure to DEHP could potentially lead to a decrease in heart disease deaths worldwide. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which DEHP affects cardiovascular health and to identify effective strategies for mitigating its impact.
Regional Disparities in DEHP-Related Mortality
Heart disease deaths attributed to DEHP exposure exhibit marked regional variations. The study covering 200 countries revealed significant disparities in DEHP-related mortality, with certain regions bearing a disproportionately heavy burden.
South Asia and Middle East Bear Heaviest Burden
Our analysis shows that South Asia and the Middle East are particularly affected, with up to 17% of heart disease deaths in these areas linked to DEHP exposure. India had the highest death count, at 103,587 deaths, followed by China and Indonesia. The exposure levels in these regions were found to be six times higher than those in Europe.
- The research highlighted that India suffered the highest absolute number of DEHP-related deaths.
- Exposure levels in South Asia and the Middle East were significantly higher than in European countries.
Factors Contributing to Geographical Differences in Exposure
The geographical differences in DEHP exposure can be attributed to several factors, including rapid industrialisation and increasing plastic production in regions with fewer manufacturing restrictions. We recognise that these factors contribute significantly to the elevated exposure levels and mortality rates.
- Rapid industrialisation and plastic production contribute to higher exposure levels.
- The combined regions of East Asia and the Middle East, along with East Asia and the Pacific, accounted for approximately 74% of all DEHP-related cardiovascular deaths globally.
Health Implications and Economic Impact
The health implications of DEHP exposure are far-reaching, with significant consequences for cardiovascular mortality worldwide. DEHP, a chemical widely used in plastics, has been shown to have a profound impact on human health, particularly in relation to heart disease.
Mechanisms of DEHP Damage to Cardiovascular Health
DEHP damages cardiovascular health through multiple mechanisms. Primarily, it triggers an overactive immune response, causing inflammation in the heart’s arteries. This inflammation increases the risk of heart attack and stroke over time. Additionally, DEHP disrupts testosterone levels, particularly in men, where low testosterone is a recognised predictor of adult cardiovascular disease.
- DEHP exposure leads to inflammation in the heart’s arteries, increasing the risk of cardiovascular events.
- The chemical disrupts hormone levels, contributing to cardiovascular disease.
Financial Burden Estimated in the Trillions
The economic cost of DEHP exposure is staggering, ranging from $10.2 billion to $3.74 trillion in a single year. These figures encompass healthcare expenses, lost wages, and the broader societal impact of premature mortality. The research published in the journal EBioMedicine highlights that DEHP exposure has cost the world 10.47 million years of life lost in just one year.
| Economic Impact | Lower Estimate | Upper Estimate |
|---|---|---|
| Healthcare Expenses | $5 billion | $1.8 trillion |
| Lost Productivity | $3 billion | $1.2 trillion |
| Societal Impact | $2.2 billion | $740 billion |
| Total | $10.2 billion | $3.74 trillion |
Reducing Exposure and Future Outlook
As the world grapples with the challenges of plastic pollution, reducing DEHP exposure is a critical step towards a healthier future. The NYU Langone research team, led by Dr. Trasande, is exploring how reducing DEHP exposure could positively impact mortality outcomes in the future.
Practical Strategies for Reduction
We recommend several practical strategies to reduce exposure to DEHP and other phthalates. Avoiding plastic food containers, particularly when heating food, and opting for glass, stainless steel, ceramic, or wooden alternatives can significantly reduce exposure levels. Minimising consumption of ultra-processed foods and choosing fresh or frozen fruits and vegetables over canned products is also advisable.
Regulatory Changes and Public Awareness
The study highlights the urgent need for stronger global regulations on plastic chemicals, particularly in regions experiencing rapid industrialisation. Our analysis of data from 200 countries underscores that reducing DEHP exposure represents a significant public health opportunity, with potential benefits including decreased cardiovascular mortality, reduced cancer risk, and improved reproductive health outcomes.
By increasing public awareness about the risks associated with plastic chemicals and implementing policy changes, we can create meaningful reductions in exposure levels and associated health burdens worldwide. We believe that individual actions, combined with policy interventions, can effectively reduce health risks and promote a healthier future.
